PARAMEDICAL TUTORIAL

Cell membrane is also known as plasma membrane. Cell membrane (plasma membrane) transport the molecules across it. It is selective permeable (selective permeable > semi permeable). It is a biological membrane that separates the all inside cells from outside world or environment. It is (cell membrane) composed of lipids that are arranged in a bilayer (lipid bilayer). Within the cell membrane, lipids arrange with polar head towards the outer side & the tails (hydrophobic tails) towards the inner part. This ensures that the non polar tail of saturated hydrocarbons is protected from the aqueous environmen t . Cell membrane possess lipid, protein & carbohydrate (ratio of lipid & protein varies accordingly in different cell types). In humans, erythrocyte membrane has approx 52% protein & 40% lipids . Membrane protein classified on the basis of ease of extraction as integral protein & peripheral protein. The integral protein are partially or totally buried

Applications for NEET will start from December 2, NTA releases dates for all three exams Applications for the Medical Entrance Examination National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) will start from 2nd December .  The National Testing Agency (NTA) has released the dates of three exams including NEET.  Soon their notifications will also be released.

All the protists, plants, animals & fungi are included in eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cells there is an extensive compartmentalisation of cytoplasm through the presence of membrane bound organelles. Organised nucleus with a nuclear envelope (membrane) are found in eukaryotic cells. No organelles , like the ones in eukaryotes, are found in prokaryotic cells (Prokaryotes have no similar organelles like eukaryotes). Eukaryotes also have a variety of complex locomotory & cytoskeletal structures. Eukaryotic genetic material is organised into chromosomes. All the eukaryotic cells are different (not identical) . Plant cells & animal cells are different (because plant cell possess cell walls, plastids, & a large central vacuole which are absent in animal cells While animal cells have centrioles which are absent in almost all plant cells (present in lower plants).

    Definition Cell is the basic unit of life. Cell is the fundamental structural and Functional unit of living organism. Anton von Leeuwenhoek 1st saw & describe a live cell. Robert brown later discovered the nucleus. Unicellular organisms are capable of independent existence and performing the essential function of life.       Cell Theory Cell theory given by Matthias Schleiden  (German botanist) and Theodore Schwann (British zoologist). But this theory did not explained as to how new cells were formed. In 1855, Rudolf Virchow first explained that new cells are formed from pre-existing cells ( Omnis cellula-e cellula). Rudolf Virchow modified the hypothesis of Schleiden and Schwann to give the cell theory a final shape .  Cell theory as understood today is:- All living organisms are composed of cell & product of cells. All cells arises from the pre-existing cells.    Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic cells are represented by bacteria , BGA (b

  Contribution  &  Contributor Cell theory- Schleiden and Schwann Omni's cellula e cellula - Rudolph Virchow. Central dogma (name) of molecular genetics-  Crick . Theory of natural selection- Charles Darwin One gene one enzyme theory- Beadle & Tatum. Mutation theory- Hugo De Vries. Survival of fittest (term)- Spencer Chromosomal theory of linkage- Morgan & Castle. Chromosomal theory of inheritance- Sutton & Boveri Double fertilization of Angiosperm- Nawaschin & Guingard. Linkage of genes (gene theory)- Morgan . Germplasm theory- Weissmann . Germ theory of disease- Louis Pasteur . Protoplasm is the physical basis of life- Huxley . Theory of acquired characters- Lamarck . Tunica corpus Theory- Schmidt . Induced fit hypothesis of enzyme- Koshland .  ATP- Lohmann in 1929 . Blood group A,B & O- K.Landsteiner in 1900 Penicillin- A.Fleming . Vitamin-  Funk in 1911. TMV virus (Discovery)- Iwanowski . Blood group AB- De.Castello & Stu

NEET 2021-NTA is "considering " holding Neet twice in a year .        NEET 2021 UPDATE (from the A.G sir FB page)

      INTRODUCTION          #Definition Pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.                       or It is a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis   (M.tuberculosis) & characterized by the formation of tubercles or granulomas in lungs.                                                 Granulomas means localized collection of cells usually produced in response to an infectious process.                                                                        It may be transmitted to other body parts such as meninges,bones,kidneys,lymph nodes.              About one-third of the world's population is infected with this type of bacteria.                    TB (tuberculosis bacteria) can become active when the immune system is unable to prevent the bacteria from multiplying. However, most of the people with latent TB never go on to develop active disease.Skin or blood test to che

       # Definition Pneumonia is an inflammation of lung parenchyma which is associated with marked increase interstitial and alveolar fluid.        # Classification Community Acquired Pneumonia it occurs in normal healthy persons. Viral infection.Bacterial infection. Hospital Acquired Pneumonia it occurs either when immunity is weak or in lung disorders or anatomical abnormal lungs .        # Types Segmental Pneumonia- Only in one small segmental lobes of lungs are affected.                     Bilateral Pneumonia- Both side segmental lobes of lungs are affected.                                  Lobar Pneumonia- Complete lobe affected.    Broncho Pneumonia- Patchy like formation in lungs.       # Causes/ Aetiology Bacterial infection Gram +ve bacteria -  Streptococcus Pneumonia Gram -ve bacteria      - Psudomonas       - Haemophilus influenza   2.  viral infection - Adenovirus, Influenza virus.  3.  Fungus infection- Cand

                            # Definition Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airway caused by allergic response of bronchi resulting in reversible narrowing of airway due to broncho constriction (spasm),congetion and thickening of walls of bronchi and accumulation of mucus.             It produce wheezing sound due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.                                                     Asthma is a condition in which a persons airways become narrow and swell and produce extra mucus.                # Types  Extrinsic (Allergic) - Commonly occur     in childhood. Intrinsic ( non allergic ) - Commonly        occur about 35 years age.             # Causes/Aetiology    A-  Air pollution.,Cigarette     smoking,Industrial smoke ,SO2, Ozone    S- Stress/ Emotional upset.    T- Change in temperature.    H- Change in humidity.    M- Medication like NSAIDS ,B blockers.    A-  Allergen inhalation.             # Risk factor

    Scientist name and discovery Father of actinobiology    - Muller [Actinobiology-study of effect of radiation on body of living beings ].     Father of biology & zoology - Aristotle.           Father of botany - Theophrastus.                            Father of plant physiology-  Stephen hales.    Father of modern taxonomy-  Linnaeus (Both plant and animal )..                                              Father of trinomial nomenclature  -Huxley & Strickland.                                               Father of taxonomy- Linnaeus.                            Father of genetics- Gregor John Mendel.          Father of modern genetics -William              Bakson                                                                     Father of cytology-  Robert Hook.                       Father of plant anatomy - N.Grew.                    Father of indain plant anatomy - K.A chaudhary.                                                                Fathe

            TERMS Acrophobia    = Fear at height.                                             Artho               = Joint                                                                                          Aesthesia        = Sensation.                                                                                  Anaesthesia   =Lack of sensation.                                                                                Bracy             = Short.                                                                                Brady   = Slow (Bradycardia).                                               Tachy =Fast (Tachycardia-fast heart rate).                        Coronary or cardia    =   Heart.                                           Dropsy .      = Swelling without pain                                                       Dyspnoea      = Breathlessness.                                             Encephalon    =  Brain.                       

CORE SYLLABUS for NATIONAL ELIGIBILITY ENTRANCE TEST(NEET). for Admission toMBBS/BDS Courses. The Medical Council of India recommended the following syllabus for NATIONAL ELIGIBILITY ENTRANCE TEST for admission to MBBS/BDS courses across the country. PHYSICS 1.Physical world and measurement 2.Electrastatics 3. Kinematics. 4.Current Electric 5. Laws of Mation 6.Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 7. Work, Energy and Power Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 8.Electromagnetic Wave 9. Gravitation 10. Thermadynamics 11.Behaviour of Perfect Gas and kinetic Theary 12.Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation 12.Atoms and Nuclei 13.semiconductor 14. Oscilations and Waves                                      CHEMISTRY 1. Same Basics of Chemistry. 2. Solid state

  How to read ncert easily for neet                Living world  Characteristic of living Growth ( non defining) Reproduction (") Metabolism ( defining) Cellular organization  (") Consciousness (")           ** The number of species that are known and describe range between 1.7-1.8 million.**           Some imp.full form ICZN-International code for zoological nomenclature. ICBN-International code for botanical nomenclature      ICBN (Book of rule of nomenclature) Biological name given by -CAROLUS LINNAEUS T rinomial nomenclature-HUXLEY &STRICKLAND     Significance of scientific nomenclature Scientific nomenclature are standard or universal. Scientific nomenclature are meaningful. It shows affinity between plants.                                            Tautonomous & autonomous are valid    in only animal nomenclature.   ( Autonomous- when specific epithet & sub      specific epithet are sa

LATEST NEWS- एम्स और जिपमर में दाखिले अब राष्ट्रीय पात्रता सह प्रवेश परीक्षा (नीट) के माध्यम से होंगे। यह व्यवस्था अगले शैक्षणिक वर्ष से लागू हो जाएगी। राष्ट्रीय चिकित्सा आयोग अधिनियम के लागू होने के बाद मेडिकल कोर्स में दाखिले को देशभर में एक ही परीक्षा होगी।

National Testing Agency (NTA) will conduct the NEET 2020 Exam for MBBS entrance (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test) and this will be used for admission in MBBS and BDS colleges in India. Since NTA came into the picture, many things have changed in NEET 2020 such as mode of exam, its frequency. However, for those who are in class 11 or 12, their focus at the moment should be exam preparation. Every year lot of students have been preparing for long to make their dream a reality and all they need is accurate  NEET syllabus  to prepare. NEET Syllabus is divided into four subjects -  Physics ,  Chemistry ,  Botany  and  Zoology . Students need to complete all the 97 chapters of NEET Syllabus in order to score good rank in NEET Exam. Latest-   Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Minister of Health and Family Welfare announced on October 4,   2019 that   NEET   will serve as single medical entrance exam for UG courses in the nation. AIIMS MBBS and JIPMER MBBS scrapped."   NEET 2020 Ex